In modern poultry farming, stress is a silent productivity killer. Though often overlooked, stress in birds can significantly affect health, growth rates, immunity, feed efficiency, and egg production. Understanding the root causes of stress and exploring natural, non-invasive management techniques can lead to healthier flocks and improved farm outcomes.

What Is Stress in Poultry?

In simple terms, stress is a physiological and behavioural response to a disruption in a bird's normal environment or routine. When birds are stressed, they release stress hormones like corticosterone, which can suppress their immune system and affect metabolic functions.

Common Causes of Stress in Poultry

Environmental Stress

• Sudden temperature changes (heat or cold stress)
• Poor ventilation and high ammonia levels
• Inadequate lighting schedules

Nutritional Stress

• Imbalanced or low-quality feed
• Lack of essential vitamins, minerals, or amino acids

Handling and Transportation

• Rough handling during vaccination or movement
• Long-distance transport without proper conditions

Social Stress

• Over crowding or high stocking density
• Aggressive behavior among birds (pecking, competition)

Disease Pressure

• Exposure to pathogens without proper biosecurity

Poor sanitation and hygiene (https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13496)